FOOD AND NUTRITION 10

107. When preparing lean beef, reduce normal cooking time by 20%, since it cooks faster and 
becomes tough when overcooked. Don’t be fooled by the redness: lean pieces cooked to a 
medium degree may still look rare.
108. It’s safe to refreeze most raw meat, provided it is handled properly and refrozen within a 
day of thawing. However, refreezing may adversely affect the flavor and texture of the meat.
109. Make sure your frozen yogurt is made from low­fat or nonfat milk. Brands made from 
whole milk (or those containing added fat) can contain as many calories and as much fat as ice
cream.
110. Many fruit­containing cereals actually have little fruit in them. For a premium price, some of them have only an ounce or two of fruit in the entire box. Add your own dried fruit—or, even better, fresh fruit.
111. Don’t count spinach pasta in your 9­a­day quota for fruits and vegetables. It contains little 
spinach—the equivalent of less than a tablespoon per cup of cooked pasta. Similarly, pasta made
with other vegetable purées contains only enough for visual appeal and a hint of flavor.
112. Beware of croissants. They may seem light and airy, but they contain 12 times as much fat 
and 50% more calories than English muffins of the same weight—and that’s before they’re 
buttered.
113. Before you cut into a melon, wash the rind with running water to keep surface bacteria 
from traveling to the flesh inside. Several outbreaks of salmonella poisoning have been linked to 
melons.
114. Get extra calcium from veggies. Some contain large amounts of calcium. A cup of cooked 
collard greens supplies nearly half the daily RDA for calcium, and a medium spear of broccoli 
about one­quarter the RDA.
115. Alcohol: some good news. Heavy drinking damages brain cells, but a drink a day may help 
maintain brain function and reduce the risk of dementia, according to several recent studies. But 
don’t start drinking because of potential health benefits.
116. And some bad news about alcohol: If you’re over 65, you probably can’t hold your
alcohol as well as you used to. Older people get a higher blood alcohol concentration than 
younger people after consuming a given amount of alcohol, and are more affected by it. Alcohol 
is doubly risky for hip fractures, too: not only does excessive drinking increase the risk of falls in 
older people, but it also decreases bone density. Alcohol can also interfere with many 
medications older people take, as well as increase age­related driving risks.
117. You don’t have to avoid all red meat. Pick lean cuts, trim visible fat, and eat small 
portions. Some of the leanest cuts of beef are select­grade round tip, eye of round, top round, top 
loin, tenderloin, and sirloin. A well­trimmed

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